培訓(xùn):高中輔導(dǎo)-高考沖刺-藝考生文化課
用表示時(shí)間的連詞連接一個(gè)句子作狀語(yǔ),這樣的主從復(fù)合句就是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。一起來(lái)了解一下高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)匯總:時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
1、while, when, whenever和as的用法比較
(1)while
常表示一段較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間或一個(gè)過(guò)程,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)詞和從句的動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是同時(shí)發(fā)生的。它不能表示一時(shí)性或短暫的動(dòng)作。
Don't talk so loudwhile( as) others are working.別人工作時(shí),請(qǐng)勿大聲說(shuō)話。
(2)when
引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,可指時(shí)間的一點(diǎn),也可以指一段時(shí)間,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用終止性動(dòng)詞,也可用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。when引導(dǎo)的從句表示的具體的時(shí)間,從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí),也可以先于主句的動(dòng)作。Whenever指任何一個(gè)不具體的時(shí)間。
It was raining when we arrived. 我們到達(dá)時(shí),天正下著雨。(動(dòng)作同時(shí),指時(shí)間點(diǎn))
When you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.當(dāng)你再讀一遍這首詩(shī),你就更清晰它的含意。(動(dòng)作有先后,指時(shí)間點(diǎn),不能用while)
Come whenever you like. 你愛什么時(shí)候來(lái)就什么時(shí)候來(lái)。
(3)as
用as時(shí)主句和從句的動(dòng)作往往同時(shí)發(fā)生,具有延伸意義,一般同延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,有時(shí)可譯作“一邊…一邊…”。
As time went on, his theory proved to be correct.隨著時(shí)間的推移,他的理論被證明是正確的。
As(when)he finished the speech,the audience burst into applause.他講話結(jié)束的時(shí)候,聽眾掌聲雷動(dòng)。(指一點(diǎn)時(shí)間不能用while)
2、名詞詞組引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
有時(shí)名詞every time(每次),the next time(下一次),the next day(第二天),the moment(一……就……), the instant, the second, the year等,也可起從屬連詞的作用,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
Every time you get back at night, you drop your shoes on the floor.你每一次晚上回來(lái),都把鞋子丟在地板上。
3、副詞作連詞用引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
有些副詞如instantly, immediately,instantly,directly, presently等也可起從屬連詞的作用,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示"一……就……"的意思。
I recognized herinstantlyI saw her.我一看見她就把她認(rèn)出來(lái)了。
4、since和before的用法比較
兩者均可用于"It+ be...+since/before-從句"的句型。區(qū)別在于since表示“自從……以來(lái)”,所在主、從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系是:It is/has been sometime since sb. did sth.。而before的含義是 “(過(guò)了多久)才……”,主、從句的時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系是:It was/had been some time before sb. did sth.。表過(guò)去和將來(lái)時(shí),兩者相應(yīng)的句型分別是:It was some time since sb. had done sth.和It will be some time before sb. does sth.
It is 30 years since he joined the revolution. 他參加革命己三十年了。
It was three days before he came back. 他三天后才回來(lái)。
It was not long before he came back. 不久他就會(huì)來(lái)了。
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